Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in American men, with risk increasing significantly after age 50. Genetics, age, diet high in red meat, and obesity all play a role in its development. The prostate is a small gland that contributes to seminal fluid, and when cancer cells develop here, the condition often progresses slowly. Some cancers remain indolent, while others spread aggressively.
Symptoms and differentiation from other conditions
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Weak or interrupted urinary stream
- Blood in urine or semen
- Erectile dysfunction
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can cause similar urinary symptoms, but prostate cancer is more likely to be associated with systemic signs like weight loss and bone pain if it has spread.
Treatment options
- Surgery (prostatectomy): Often recommended for localized cancer
- Radiation therapy: External beam or brachytherapy
- Hormone therapy (androgen deprivation therapy): Lupron (leuprolide), Firmagon (degarelix), both injections
- Chemotherapy: Docetaxel and Cabazitaxel, given IV, usually for advanced disease
- Targeted therapies: Xtandi (enzalutamide) and Zytiga (abiraterone), both oral, used in advanced stages
Supportive medications
- Zofran (ondansetron) for nausea from chemotherapy
- Prolia (denosumab) or Zometa (zoledronic acid) to strengthen bones weakened by hormone therapy or metastasis
- Analgesics for bone pain
Lifestyle changes during prostate cancer
- Diet rich in vegetables and low in processed foods
- Regular exercise to maintain muscle mass and bone strength
- Stress management through meditation, yoga, or counseling
Relapse and Monitoring Prostate cancer can return even after successful initial therapy. PSA blood tests are critical for monitoring. Relapsed disease may require a switch from local therapy to systemic hormone therapy or chemotherapy.
Prostate cancer often has a favorable outlook, especially when detected early. Even when advanced, new therapies help patients live longer and better. With the support of RxVitaPharm, patients can access essential medications and guidance to manage side effects and stay proactive in their care.